The Historical Importance of Jesus of Nazareth
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How did the Jews see the Roman occupation of Judea?
Which were the most important rebellious movements against Roman occupation?
How did Jesus of Nazareth's ideas differ from those movements?
Why was he punished for teaching such ideas?
Are Jesus's ideas still relevant today?
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Solution Summary
The historical importance of Jesus of Nazareth is provided.
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There is so much material out there it's almost absurd.
While I can't answer these questions directly, I can make your life easier by giving you a sort of outline concerning how you can construct an answer of your own.
Just a few (academic) sources:
http://faculty.ucc.edu/egh-damerow/roman_judea.htm
http://www.nazarethvillage.com/research/content/resistance-movements (this one is a must)
http://www.livius.org/ja-jn/jewish_wars/jwar03.html
http://archive.org/details/fallofjerusalemr00thom (This is an old book, but it is loaded with good information).
Now to the questions:
Remember, people like Herod were seen as Roman puppets. There were plenty of collaborators among the Jewish population of the day.
One of the most significant revolts was from the Persian Jew Simon: his revolt lasted about two years, and was put down with great brutality via Roman garrisons in Syria (about 4 BC).
Once this was finished, Rome reorganized the region and placed puppet kings on the thrones, all of who were relatives of Herod (Antipas).
It should also be noted that regular guerrilla warfare was going on all the time. The Romans called them "bandits," but they had a tendency to be of the "Robin Hood" type.
The third type of resistor was the "prophet" -- like John the Baptist, who drew on Old Testament ...
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