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Ethical, Legal, and Cultural Critique

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Background
Review the following research summary:

Research Overview

Number of Participants: 200.

Population Characteristics: Lower socio-economic status (SES) Hispanic males ages 18-45.

Sampling: Convenience sampling.

Clinical Area of Concern: Symptoms of depression.

Clinical Intervention: Group Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (Group CBT).

Data Collection Measure: Beck Depression Inventory - Second Edition (BDI-II).

Research Methodology: Quantitative (pre/post control group design).

Data Analysis: Repeated Measures ANOVA.

Participants

Participants were recruited from offices of physicians who worked with Hispanic males. Physicians were reimbursed $50 for every Hispanic male they referred to the program evaluation project. During the intake and informed consent process, researchers had to work with dictionaries to help interpret and translate some aspects of the informed consent document to participants.

Procedures

Participants completed the pre-test administration of BDI-II and then were randomly assigned to either the control condition (a wait list control group) or to the treatment condition (Group Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy). Each condition had 100 participants and the Group CBT participants participated in 10 x 90 minute group CBT sessions over a 10-week period (met once for 90 minutes a week). Upon completion of the 10th and last session, group CBT participants completed the post-test administration of the BDI-II. The control condition participants completed the post-test administration of the BDI-II on the same day that the Group CBT participants.

10 Masters level counselors ran the groups after participating in a 24-hour (3-day, 8 hours a day) training program on Group CBT.

Results

Results of the BDI-II indicate that there was no significant difference between changes in symptoms of depression as measured by the BDI-II. In fact, the symptoms of depression as measured by the BDI-II increased in the Group CBT as compared to the control condition.

These results indicate that lower SES Hispanic males struggling with symptoms of depression will not benefit from Group CBT. The use of other interventions would probably be advised for future research. Additionally, the SES Hispanic males may have been overtly defensive and not open to counseling interventions in general.

Future research could also benefit from the inclusion of a qualitative component to the study where the group sessions would be recorded and analyzed to explore for potential themes that could further inform future research.

Discussion
Can you answer the following questions based on the research summary outlined above:

What, if any, ethical concerns are there?
What, if any, legal concerns are there?
What, if any, cultural concerns are there?
Do you believe that a limitations section would have been appropriate? If so, what aspects of the study would be addressed?
If you were reporting the results part of the study, what would you write?

Please incorporate information from at least four peer-reviewed journal articles, or at least two peer-reviewed journal articles and two books to support your statements.

500 words in length or more.

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Solution Summary

This solution discusses the ethical, legal and cultural aspects of research involving a sample of adolescent substance abusers.

Solution Preview

Research Overview
Number of Participants: 200.
Population Characteristics: Lower socio-economic status (SES) Hispanic males ages 18-45.
Sampling: Convenience sampling.
Clinical Area of Concern: Symptoms of depression.
Clinical Intervention: Group Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (Group CBT).
Data Collection Measure: Beck Depression Inventory - Second Edition (BDI-II).
Research Methodology: Quantitative (or Mixed Methods?)
Data Analysis: Analysis of Variance (ANOVA}. I think if are conducting repeated measures, your data may be analyzed through Multivariate Analyses of Variance or (MANOVA) if you are using multiple variables. MANOVA is employed when researchers are trying to find changes, or an effect size. For instance, in assessing within-subjects or groups (repeated measuring) design, the researcher conducts an experimental design in which each participant (or group) is treated under more than one level of the independent variable. The sequence in which the treatment are received are randomly given (Mitchell & Jolley 2005) [You seeking pre and post differences). AOVA is conducted using univariate analysis
Participants
Participants will be recruited from offices of physicians who worked with Hispanic males. Physicians will receive a reimbursement of $50 for every Hispanic male they refer to the program evaluation project. During the intake and informed consent process, researchers had to work with dictionaries to help interpret and translate some aspects of the informed consent document to participants NOTE: makes the researchers sound incompetent, try the following sentence:
[--Translations were aided with the use of dictionary interpretations to ensure clients understood the informed consent process].
NOTE: Again you write as if the study has been conducted—I think this is a proposal to conduct a study, and thus you will use future tense—indicating what you plan to do. The Literature search is a past event—regardless of whether you are proposing or conducting the study.
Procedures
Procedures will involve a pre and post-group administration of the BDI (author, year) inventory in which interested participants will complete the pre-test administration of BDI-II, and then randomly assigned to either a control group condition (a wait list control group); or to the treatment condition (Group Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy). Each condition will have 100 participants [Is this feasible—a large group for group therapy (10-15)]. The participants in the CBT group will meet once a week for ninety-minute CBT sessions over a 10-week period. Upon completion of the 10th and last session, both the CBT and control group participants will be administered the post-test of the BDI-II. They were supervised by counselors (n=10) with Masters-level credentials. The counselors received training in a 24-hour (3 days; 8 hrs.) training program for Group therapy competency.

NOTE: You write the results as if you have already conducting a study. I think you are writing a proposal (versus a completed study).If so, you result should read as what you will do (i.e. how a result section might accomplish your goals.
I will cite the participants' response for each score that will range from 2 (very low) to 10 (very high). The scores will then be subjected to repeated measures Analysis of Variance. It ...

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