Discussing Different Models for Processing Information
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1) Compare and contrast Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin's information processing model of memory with Alan Baddeley and Graham Hitch's working memory model.
2) How and why did Baddeley revise this model?
3) Briefly explain the difference between retroactive and proactive interference and illustrate with a personal example to show how either one can contribute to forgetting. (Your example does not have to be personal, it just needs to be a real world example).
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The solution discusses different models for processing information.
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1)
Atkinson-Shiffrin's model:
• Three main components - sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory
- Sensory memory - "Information not attended to immediately is held in our sensory memory which holds onto this knowledge for a very short period of time" (Lynch, 2011, para 3). All of our senses have this sensory memory but this model focuses mostly on sight and sound.
- Short-term memory - "This relates to memories of information which is retained by our senses long enough for it to be used" (Lynch, 2011, para 4). This information usually lasts about 30 seconds and around seven pieces of information can be learned or remembered during that time frame.
- Long-term memory - Long-term memory allows us to keep information as long as we are alive, essentially. "LTM has a limitless capacity and is capable of lasting a lifetime" (Lynch, 2011, para 5).
Baddeley-Graham's model:
• The original model had three components. In 2000, Baddeley added the fourth.
- Central Executive - "The central executive was the most important part of the working memory because it was in complete control of the actions of the other components" (Lynch, 2011, ...
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