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Geology of a Region for Potential Aquifers

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When examining the geology of a region for potential aquifers, what characteristics or factors would you consider? Also, what areas (based on natural and human factors) would you avoid?

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Through discussion and examples, this solution explains the factors to consider when a person examines the geology of a region for potential aquifers, as well as the areas (based on natural and human factors) that a person would avoid.

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RESPONSE:

1. When examining the geology of a region for potential aquifers, what characteristics or factors would you consider? Also, what areas (based on natural and human factors) would you avoid?

An aquifer is an underground bed or layer of earth, gravel, or porous stone that yields water. The average depth of this aquifer is between 30-40m.

One factor to consider when examining the geology of a region for potential aquifers is the groundwater potential (e.g., resistivities, thickness and curve types in research terms) and areas with large amounts of rainfall, both associated with areas of high aquifer potential, which are clean and uncontaminated. They will provide clean sources of water from the aquifer. What comes to mind is the investigation and description of the geology of the Niger Delta, which has been extensively described by several authors, where the Benin formation consists of sand, gravely sand, sandy clay and clay intercalations. This area is known for its high aquifer potential, where there is a high potential for groundwater and high rainfall levels, like basins, deltas and along riverbeds, etc. However, areas with geological features such as faulting, fractures and certain rocks, such as limestone and dolostone are also associated with aquifers, but the area need to be free from human and natural contamination. Other geologic features are areas associated with a subsurface zone that yields economically important amounts of water to wells; however, without an area where there is enough rainfall, the water in the ...

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