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Unsaturated lipids in cephalin

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1. What are the ingredients of a cephalin?

2. Which fatty acid is always unsaturated in a cephalin? Why?

3. What is the enzyme system used in the formation of the prostalandins and thromboxanes?

4. Would you expect sodium ions (Na+) to be able to pass easily into a cell through bi-layer membrane wall? Why or Why not?

5. Which are the bile salts that cholesterol can be converted into which act as detergents?

6. In prostagladin E2, what is meant by the usage of the letter E and the number 2?

7) Using any of the following, how would you make a structural diagram of LECITHIN and of SPINGOMYELIN?

CH2OHCHOHCH2OH H3PO4 C17H35COOH HOCH2CH2NH2

CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH HOCH2CH2N(CH3)3

HOCH2CHNH2COOH CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH

C15H29CHOHCHNH2CHOH

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Solution Summary

The expert provides detailed responses to 5 questions regarding lipids, including the ingredients of cephalin, enzyme systems, formation of prostalandins and thromboxanes, and sodium ions.

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1. A cephalin is a phospholipid, specifically a type of phosphatidylethanolamine made up of one glycerol moiety esterified with two fatty acids and a phosphoric acid. The phosphate group is combined with ethanolamine.

2. The unsaturated fatty acid is found in the 1 position. In fact, most phospholipids have an unsaturated fatty acid in position 1. My understanding is that the 1,2-diacylglycerols from which they are synthesized were made that, with a saturated acyl chain being put into sn1 position and then an unsaturated chain being put into the sn2 position. The configuration was ...

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