Diffusion, Osmosis, molarity and osmolarity
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Solution Summary
In this solution I define terms relating to diffusion and osmosis, including molarity, osmolarity, solute, solution, hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic. I also answer specific questions related to how fluids diffuse across semi-permeable membranes.
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1) To answer this question you need to know the definitions of hypertonic and M (molarity). To start with hypertonic, let's split up the world: hyper = more and tonic = water, so you can think of hypertonic as "more water than". So question one can read as "which beaker solution has more water than the bag". Now looking at the beakers and bags you will see the letter M, M is the abbreviation for molarity, which is a measure of solutes in a solution (molecules other than water in the solution - or the solids). So the higher the molarity, the more solute in the solution. Since all the solutions have the same volume, if there is more solute, there must be less water. Therefore the higher the M the lower the water content.
So to answer the question look for the beaker which has a smaller molarity (more water than/hypertonic) than the bag? Find the example where the beaker molarity is less then the bag molarity and you have your answer.
2) Whenever there is a difference in osmolarity (relative amount of water) in two volumes of solution separated by a semi-permeable barrier, the water molecules are going to move down their concentration gradient (from the solution with more water to the solution with less water). As water molecules move the volume or mass or the ...
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