Descriptive Statistics and Probability Distribution

In Problems 12, determine whether the distribution is a discrete
probability distribution. If not, state why.
#12.
x P(x)
1 0
2 0
3 0
4 0
5 1
In Problems 15 and 16, determine the required value of the missing probability to make the distribution a discrete probability distribution.
#16.
X P(x)
0 0.30
1 0.15
2 ?
3 0.20
4 0.15
5 0.05
#20
A Wendy's manager performed a study to determine a probability distribution for the number of people, X, waiting in line during lunch. The results were as follows:
x P(x) x P(x)
0 0.011 7 7 0.098
1 0.035 8 8 0.063
2 0.089 9 9 0.035
3 0.150 10 10 0.019
4 0.186 11 11 0.004
5 0.172 12 12 0.006
6 0.132
(a) Verify that this is a discrete probability distribution.
(c) Compute and interpret the mean of the random variable X.
(d) Compute the standard deviation of the random variable X.
(e) What is the probability that eight people are waiting in line

Section 6.2
Determine which of the following probability experiments represents a binomial experiment. If the probability experiment is not a binomial experiment, state why.

#10. A poll of 1200 registered voters is conducted in which the respondents are asked whether they believe Congress should reform Social Security.

In Problems 29-34, (a) construct a binomial probability distribution with the given parameters; (b) compute the mean and standard deviation of the random variable using the methods of
Section 6.1; (c) compute the mean and standard deviation, using the methods of this section; and (d) draw the probability histogram, comment on its shape, and label the mean on the histogram.

#30. n = 8, p = 0.5

#36. According to the American Lung Association,
90% of adult smokers started smoking before turning 21 years
old. Ten smokers 21 years old or older are randomly selected,
and the number of smokers who started smoking before 21 is
recorded.

Section 7.1
#26
In Problems 26, the graph of a normal curve is given. Use the
graph to identify the values of μ and σ.

#30. Draw a normal curve with μ = 50 and σ = 5. Label the mean and the inflection points.

Section 7.2 In Problems 6-10, find the indicated areas. For each problem, be
sure to draw a standard normal curve and shade the area that is to
be found.

#6.
Determine the area under the standard normal curve that lies
to the left of
(a) z = -3.49 (b) z = -1.99
(c) z = 0.92 (d) z = 2.90

# 8. Determine the area under the standard normal curve that lies
to the right of
(a) z = -3.49 (b) z = -0.55
(c) z = 2.23 (d) z = 3.45

# 10. Determine the area under the standard normal curve that lies between
(a) z = -2.55 and z = 2.55
(b) z = -1.67 and z = 0
(c) z = -3.03 and z = 1.98
#16. In Problems 16, find the indicated z-score. Be sure to draw a standard normal curve that depicts the solution.

Find the z-score such that the area under the standard normal
curve to its right is 0.35.

In Problems 20, find the value of zα.
#20. z0.02

In Problems 24 & 28, assume that the random variable X is normally
distributed, with mean m = 50 and standard deviation s = 7.
Compute the following probabilities. Be sure to draw a normal
curve with the area corresponding to the probability shaded.
# 24. P(X> 65)

# 28. P(56 < X< 68)

In Problems 34, assume that the random variable X is
normally distributed, with mean m = 50 and standard deviation
s = 7. Find each indicated percentile for X.

34. The 90th percentile

Section 7.4
#22. Smokers According to Information Please Almanac, 80%
of adult smokers started smoking before they were 18 years old.
Suppose 100 smokers 18 years old or older are randomly selected.
Use the normal approximation to the binomial to

(a) approximate the probability that exactly 80 of them started
smoking before they were 18 years old.
(b) approximate the probability that at least 80 of them started
smoking before they were 18 years old.
(c) approximate the probability that fewer than 70 of them
started smoking before they were 18 years old.

# 28. Liars According to a USA Today "Snapshot," 3%
of Americans surveyed lie frequently. You conduct a survey of
500 college students and find that 20 of them lie frequently.

(a) Compute the probability that, in a random sample of 500
college students, at least 20 lie frequently, assuming the true
percentage is 3%.
(b) Does this result contradict the USA Today "Snapshot"?
Explain?

Problems taken from "Fundamentals of Statistics, Fourth Edition" Chapters 6 & 7