T-test for dependent groups
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Questions: t-test for dependent groups
1. What are the two groups whose results are reflected by the t ratios in Tables 2 and 3?
2. Which t ratio in Table 2 represents the greatest relative or standardized difference between the pretest and 3 months outcomes? Is this t ratio statistically significant? Provide a rationale for your answer.
3. Which t ratio listed in Table 3 represents the smallest relative difference between the pretest and 3 months? Is this t ratio statistically significant? What does this result mean?
4. What are the assumptions for conducting a t-test for dependent groups in a study? Which of these assumptions do you think were met by this study?
5. Compare the 3 months and 6 months t ratios for the variable Exercise from Table 3. What is your conclusion about the long-term effect of the health-promotion intervention on Exercise in this study?
6. What is the smallest, significant t ratio listed in Table 2? Provide a rationale for your answer.
7. Why are the larger t ratios more likely to be statistically significant?
8. Did the health-promotion program have a statistically significant effect on Systolic blood pressure (BP) in this study? Provide a rationale for your answer.
9. Examine the means and standard deviations for Systolic BP at pretest, 3 months (completion of the treatment), and 6 months. What do these results indicate? Are these results clinically important? Provide a rationale for your answer.
10. Is this study design strong or weak? Provide a rationale for your answer.
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The solution discusses the t-test for dependent groups.
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■ EXERCISE 3Questions t-test for dependent groups
1. What are the two groups whose results are reflected by the t ratios in Tables 2 and 3?
Table 2 describes the health promotion program's effects on cardiovascular risk factors for a convenient sample of 21 elderly women.
Table 3 describes the health promotion program's effects on health behaviors for a convenient sample of 21 elderly women.
2. Which t ratio in Table 2 represents the greatest relative or standardized difference between the pretest and 3 months outcomes?
The t ratio corresponding to the variable Total risk score represents the greatest relative or standardized difference between the pretest and 3 months outcomes.
Is this t ratio statistically significant?
This t ratio is statistically significant, since the p-value is less than 0.05.
Provide a rationale for your answer.
Since the observed significance (p-value) is less than the significance level, we can conclude that the t ...
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