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Self-efficacy and Individualist vs. Collectivist cultures

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Please help me with these two questions. In what ways do the typical attributions of people from collectivistic cultures differ from those of people from individualistic cultures? Why do these differences exist? Provide empirical evidence supporting your explanations

Can you please describe the ways in which knowledge about the "self" organizes cognitive information and motivates behavior. Discuss how the "self" influences our judgment of others. How do Eastern and Western cultures define the "self" differently

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Discussion of the differences between collectivist and individualist cultures in terms of attribution and self-efficacy

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Question 1:

Collectivist cultures vs. Individualist cultures in attribution of people

i) In the area of business, attributes for a leader in a collectivist culture is determined and based on company performance outcomes. Attributes of the leader is not solely based on charisma but actions that seem to be considerate of the group. In individualist cultures, attributes of a leader is determined by the impressions given by the leader, himself/herself. Thus charisma with the crowd is a positive attribute.

Refer to :Ensari, N., & Murphy, S. E. (2003). Cross-cultural variations in leadership perceptions and attribution of charisma to the leader. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 92(1), 52-66.

ii) In collectivist cultures, attributing belief and behavior is rather difficult because the behavior the people does not necessarily reflect the attitudes of the people. For example, Japanese society ...

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