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Compare ratio and interval schedules; S-O & R-O associations

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Compare and contrast ratio and interval schedules in terms of how these contingencies of reinforcement are set up and the effects they have on the instrumental response.
Compare and contrast S-O and R-O associations (including research used to investigate them).

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Solution Summary

Ratio schedule is set up on the basis of number of responses whereas interval schedule is set up on the basis of time interval used to execute a particular response. Higher rates of instrumental response occur in case of ratio schedules as compared to interval schedules. Ratio schedules are unable to maintain responding at low rates of reinforcement (ratio "strain").

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Ratio schedule is set up on the basis of number of responses whereas interval schedule is set up on the basis of time interval used to execute a particular response.
Higher rates of instrumental response occur in case of ratio schedules as compared to interval schedules. Ratio schedules are unable to maintain responding at low rates of reinforcement (ratio "strain").

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Compare and contrast ratio and interval schedules in terms of how these contingencies of reinforcement are set up and the effects they have on the instrumental response.
Compare and contrast S-O and R-O associations (including research used to investigate them).

Ratio & Interval reinforcement schedules.  Ratio schedules give reinforcement after    x    number of responses.  The ratio of responses to reinforcement can be either fixed or variable.  A fixed ratio schedule gives reinforcement after every (5) responses, for example.  A variable ratio schedule gives reinforcement 'on the average' every (5) trials - sometimes the reinforcement comes after 2 responses, then after 7 responses, then 6 responses, etc. , so that reinforcement occurs on the average after every 5 responses.
Interval schedules give reinforcement after a ...

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