Sturm-Liouville Problem: Prufer Equation
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Consider the Sturm-Liouville problem (pu') + Vu = 0 for the function u(x), with p(x) > 0 and V(x) = q(x) + lambda p(x).
(a) Perform the Prufer substitution u - r sin theta and u'p = r cos theta and obtain the Prufer equations for the amplitude r(x) and the phase theta (x):
r' - 1/2 ((1/p) - v) r sin 2 theta, theta' = (1/p)cos^2 theta + V sin^2 theta.
(b) Show that the phase theta is an increasing function at each zero of u(x).
(c) Show that, if V(x) > 0, u(x) has exactly one maximum/minimum between two consecutive zeros.
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Solution Summary
This shows how to perform a prufer substitution and find prufer equations, show that the phase is an increasing function, and show that there is exactly one maximum/minimum between consecutive zeroes.
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