current in series circuit

a. Current through the resistors = I = V/R = 12V /(80+ 40)ohm = 12V/(120 ohm) = 0.1 A

In a series circuit, the current that flows through the two resistors is same, so we need to apply Ohm's law here.

b. Since the current through 80 ohms resistor is 0.1 amps, the voltage across it is:
V_1 = I * R1 = 0.1A * 80 ohm = 8 V

c. Similarly, the current through 40 ohms resistor is also 0.1 amps, so the voltage across it is:
V_2 = I * R2 = 0.1A * 40 ohm = 4 V

We can also verify that the total voltage across the two resistors is 12 V:
V_1 + V_2 = 8 + 4 = 12, which is equal to the battery voltage.

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