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American Corrections

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Hi, I need assistance with the following questions related to the American corrections system.
Question: Identify and discuss the historical development of corrections in the United States and its influences.
- How has corrections evolved since the early years of the United States? Explain.
- What were the major milestones in corrections throughout U.S. history? Explain.

Question: Define the term penitentiary.
- From where was the concept derived? Explain.

Question: Describe and explain the rationale behind the following models:
- Penitence model
- Reformatory model
- Medical model
- Reintegration model
- Community-based corrections
- Crime-control model

Question: Discuss the major components and pros and cons of each above model.
- Which model is mainly used today? Provide examples

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Solution Summary

The expert examines the term penitentiary for the concept derived.

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Resource: The History of Prisons in the United States from 1777 to 1877 Retrieved from: jthomasniu.org/PDF/prisonhistory111.pdf

- How has corrections evolved since the early years of the United States? Explain.
- What were the major milestones in corrections throughout U.S. history? Explain.
Corrections' in the United States have evolved throughout the last two centuries morphing into the prison industrial complex that it is today. This multi-billion dollar conglomerate began to surface in much smaller origins with the creation of the Philadelphia Society for Alleviating Miseries of Public Prisons. What began as a movement to renovate the old jail in Philadelphia located on Walnut Street; would eventually change the entire way that incarceration of inmates was handled within America. The first milestone to emanate from this agency's actions was the Pennsylvania legislature in collaboration with the agency creating the first system of solitary confinement with hard labor for prisoners.

The significance of this milestone cannot be overstated as it was the beginning of a reform movement that also witnessed separation of genders, separation of prisoners by class of offense, and solitary confinement for each convict. Quintessentially, the law that emerged from the agency's efforts established the legal foundation for America's first prison system by the Pennsylvania legislature. The impetus for the law was predicated upon substituting hard labor as punishment for many crimes. In addition debtors were not placed into the same wings as hardened criminals. Prior to this children, women, and those incarcerated for debt were all housed with the most hardened and violent offenders with no distinction made between criminals.

Another important milestone that limited corruption that was rampant in jails before the formation of the Auburn and Pennsylvania prison ...

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