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The Treaty of Versailles and The Fourteen Points

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Was the Treaty of Versailles (1919) a radical departure from President Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points? What problems faced the design of the Treaty of Versailles? Why did the United States' Senate refuse to ratify the Treaty of Versailles?

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The Treaty of Versailles and The Fourteen points are provided.

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According to scholar Robert H. Ferrell, the Treaty of Versailles (1919) was not a radical departure from President Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points. President Wilson's Fourteen Points included clauses similar to those of the Treaty of Versailles. Examples are the reduction of armaments, the assignment of Alsace-Lorraine to France, the independence of Poland and the establishment of the League of Nations.

Moreover, the principal objectives of the Fourteen Points were to keep Russia in the war, maintain the idealism that defined the Allied war goals, and to persuade the Germans to end the war. The Fourteen Points were also accepted on 11 November 1918 by the Allies and the Germans as the pre-armistice to the following peace agreement. The German government even communicated directly with President Wilson in order to work out the peace settlement.

The main figures in the design of the Treaty of Versailles of 1919 were the famous Big Four: Georges Clemenceau, Vittorio Orlando, President Woodrow Wilson, and David Lloyd George. The Inquiry, which was a group of experts, aided the Big Four with advice regarding the problems of Europe that needed to be resolved ...

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