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Neobehaviorism and Gestalt Psychology

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In the typical laboratory task where a rat learns to go through a maze to reach the food, what would Watson consider the "motivation" that enables the rat to learn this task? What would Tolman view as the "motivation" for the rat? [300 plus word count.

Two scholarly references should be included in addition to [9781133272021, An Introduction to the History of Psychology, (2009). Sixth Edition, B. R. Hergenhahn - © Cengage Learning. Write in 3rd person scholarly writing. No quotes please.]

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The expert examines Neobehaviorism and Gestalt Psychology.

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For JB Watson, there is no reason to assume non-observable traits in terms of motivation. In other words, when figuring the "motivation" for humans or animals, all we can trust is the testimony of our senses. These unobservable variables would also include things like thoughts and feelings, so important for structuralist introspection. In terms of motivation, all we have in behaviorism is past experiences and their consequences. The rat has no motivation in the normal connotation of the word, but is conditioned to behave in certain ways due to the experience of pleasure or pain in association with a specific action (Cameron, 2006).

In E. Tolman's study of ...

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