Many of water's unique properties...

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1. Many of water's unique properties are the result of its polar covalent bonds, which allow water molecules to form hydrogen bonds with each other. What if water molecules instead had nonpolar covalent bonds? Make a list of hypothesis about the ways in which this change might affect the properites of water. Describe how each change would effect living things. Design an experiment to test one of your hypothesis.

Solution:

Experiment:

Title:

Water with non-polar covalent bond and their effects on living things

Hypothesis:

"The central idea is that if water molecule has non-polar covalent bond instead of polar covalent bond, that will affect the properties of water and that affects the living system, because water has hydrophobic effect, and it affects biological system and it is also effect the universal solvent properties. Tissue (group of cells) is incubated in hypertonic and hypotonic medium to check the effects and consequences."

Introduction:

In Non-polar bonding electrons are equally shared, but in the case of Polar bonding electrons are unequally shared. Whenever two atoms of the same element bond together, a nonpolar bond is formed. For example H-H bond.

Here water has H-O bond, if that is only H-H bond sure that water molecule will not form. The primary difference between the H-O bond in water and the H-H bond is the degree of electron sharing. The large oxygen atom has a stronger affinity for electrons than the small hydrogen atoms. Because oxygen has a stronger pull on the bonding electrons, it preoccupies their time, and this leads to unequal sharing and the formation of a polar covalent bond.

The ability of ions and other molecules to dissolve in water is due to polarity. The hydrophobic effect or the exclusion of compounds containing carbon and hydrogen (non-polar compounds) is another unique property of water caused by the hydrogen bonds. The hydrophobic effect is particularly important in the formation of cell membranes. The best description is to say that water "squeezes" non-polar molecules together.
The result of this pattern of unequal electron association (Polar) in water is a charge separation in the molecule, where one part of the molecule, the Oxygen, has a partial negative charge and the Hydrogen have a partial positive charge. If that one is non-polar one sure that there should be an equal share of ...